Cervical Polyps
Cervical polyps are small, soft, finger-like growths that appear on the cervix—the lower part of the womb that opens into the vagina. They are usually non-cancerous (benign) and quite common, especially in people over the age of 40 or those who have had children.
What causes cervical polyps?
The exact cause isn’t always known, but possible factors include:
- Chronic inflammation of the cervix or vagina
- Hormonal changes, especially oestrogen
- Cervical infections
- Blocked blood vessels in the cervix
What are the symptoms?
Many cervical polyps don’t cause any symptoms and are found during routine cervical screening or pelvic exams. When symptoms do occur, they may include:
- Irregular vaginal bleeding (between periods or after sex)
- Bleeding after menopause
- Unusual or increased vaginal discharge
- Spotting after douching or pelvic exam
How are cervical polyps diagnosed?
- Often found during a routine pelvic exam or smear test
- May be confirmed with a speculum examination, where the cervix is examined visually
- Further testing like a biopsy may be done if needed
Are cervical polyps dangerous?
- Most cervical polyps are benign and not cancerous
- In rare cases, they may be sent for testing to rule out abnormal or precancerous cells
How are they treated?
- Simple removal in a clinic setting—usually painless or only mildly uncomfortable
- The polyp is gently twisted off or removed with a small instrument
- Removed polyps may be sent to a lab for analysis
- Antibiotics may be prescribed if there’s an infection
Can cervical polyps come back?
- They can recur, but many people never have another one
- Regular cervical screening and follow-ups are important
When should I see a doctor?
See your GP or healthcare provider if you notice:
- Unexplained vaginal bleeding
- Bleeding after sex
- Abnormal discharge
- Bleeding after menopause
Will it affect my fertility or pregnancy?
- Most cervical polyps don’t affect fertility
- If found during pregnancy, they are usually left alone unless they cause symptoms